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In choosing a facial cleanser, the foremost step is to understand one’s skin type. Common skin types include oily, dry, combination, and sensitive skin.
Oily Skin
Oily skin requires a cleanser that can effectively remove excess sebum without causing a great reduction in the skin’s natural moisture. Look for cleansers containing ingredients like salicylic acid, glycolic acid, or benzoyl peroxide. These ingredients help to control sebum production and prevent breakouts in the skin.
Dry Skin
If your skin tends to be too dry and lacks moisture, opt for a gentle, hydrating cleanser that won’t further dry out your skin. Ingredients like hyaluronic acid, glycerin, and ceramides help to lock in moisture and maintain your skin’s natural barrier.
Combination Skin
Combination skin requires a delicate balance. A foaming cleanser with mild chemical ingredients can work well for oily areas, while a creamy, hydrating cleanser can help maintain moisture in drier areas.
Sensitive Skin
A person with sensitive skin would need a cleanser that is fragrance-free, hypoallergenic, and free of most synthetic compounds or chemicals. Cleansers with soothing and mild ingredients like aloe vera, chamomile, and colloidal oatmeal would be the best options.
Normal Skin
If you have a fairly balanced skin type, you can opt for a gentle, pH-balanced cleanser. One’s goal would be to maintain one’s skin condition rather than correcting specific issues.
What is a Face Cleanser and What Does It Really Do?
A face cleanser is a product formulated to help get rid of dirt, sebum, bacteria, as well as dead cells, and makeup from the skin’s surface. Since each skin is unique and carries its own needs, it is important to choose a face wash that is appropriate for one’s skin type, and will not block pores, irritate sensitive skin, or cause an imbalance in the skin.
Constituents of Facial Cleansers
Most facial cleansers are formulated with these essential ingredients to elicit the desired cleansing activity. These are:
SURFACTANTS
Surfactants are ingredients that help water mix with oil and dirt so they can easily be rinsed away. Examples are Sodium Laureth Sulfate and Ammonium Laureth.
It is important to note that surfactants wouldn’t have to be too mild nor too harsh on the skin, hence the need for the second set of ingredients below.
EMOLLIENTS & HUMECTANTS
These are moisturizers that help to reduce the harshness of the surfactants (because, if they were too mild, they wouldn’t cleanse skin at all) and maintain skin tone during and after washing. They include Glycerin, Petrolatum, and natural oil.
Different Types of Cleansers
Gel cleansers:
Gel cleansers are typically suitable for oily and combination skin types. They offer a deep clean without over-drying, making them great for controlling excess sebum and other oily skin conditions.
Cream cleansers:
Cream cleansers work well for dry and sensitive skin types. These cleansers provide hydration while gently cleansing the skin.
Foaming cleansers:
Foaming cleansers are very versatile, being that they can be used for oily to moderate or normal skin.
Despite this, they might not be a great choice for sensitive or dry skin types as they could have an extreme drying effect.
Micellar water:
Micellar water is a great choice for most skin types, especially for those who prefer a not-so-rigorous routine or have sensitive skin. It can effectively remove dirt and makeup without any need for rinsing.
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